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Description   Data Set   Contributors   References Information   Terms and Conditions of Use*   Advisory Service    Description Creator Motoki Sasakawa*1 (orcid.org/0000-0003-2273-5131),Toshinobu Machida*1(orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-8775) *1Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) Release date 2023/11/17 Temporal coverage 2004/06/11 - 2021/08/17 Data provider NIES Email: cgerdb_admin(at)nies.go.jp DOI 10.17595/20231117.002 File format NASA Ames Format 1001 Data volume 55 MB Version ver.1.0 (Last updated: 2023/11/17) Language English Page Top Data Set Parameters CO2 and CH4 mixing ratios Observation period From 2004/06/11 (ongoing) Location 58.2456°N, 82.4244°E Altitude Elevation: 76 m Air inlet heights: 35 m, 67 m Measurement method Each sample inlet was positioned approximately 3 m from the tower at the end of an extension arm. Atmospheric air was delivered via a decabon tube by a diaphragm pump (model N86KNE, KNF, Germany) into the freight container with insulators to reduce temperature variation and dried with (1) adiabatic expansion in a glass water trap, (2) a semi-permeable membrane dryer (model PD-625–24SS, Permapure, USA) and (3) magnesium perchlorate. The dehumidified air was then introduced into a non-dispersive infrared analyzer (model LI-820, LI-COR, USA; a model LI-7000 was used until September 2008 at BRZ) and a CH4 semiconductor sensor at a constant flow rate of 35 cm3 min−1 using a mass flow controller (model SEC-E40, STEC, Japan). The CH4 semiconductor sensor based on a tin dioxide natural gas leak detector was developed by Suto and Inoue (2010) to measure atmospheric CH4 concentration in areas lacking the sufficient infrastructure to sustain a conventional measurement system, such as a large power source, carrier gas supply, and temperature-stabilized laboratory. The sensor has been verified against a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (Suto and Inoue, 2010). Three standard gases were prepared from pure CO2 and CH4 diluted with purified air, and their concentrations were determined against the NIES 09 CO2 scale (Machida et al., 2011) and NIES 94 CH4 scale. Each scale was established by a series of standard gases prepared by the gravimetric method. The NIES 94 CH4 scale is 4.1 ppb higher than the WMO-CH4-X2004A scale at a concentration of 1736.3 ppb and 5.5 ppb higher at 1941.9 ppb (Round Robin 6 Comparison Experiment; http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/wmorr/). We used in situ compressed air as a reference gas to reduce the consumption of the three standard gases because this system operates continuously, and it isn't easy to replace the standard gas cylinders in Siberia. Twice a day, the three standard gases were analyzed over an hour, and the signal baseline drifts of the standard gases in 11 h were estimated with the temporal variation of the reference gas signals. [References] Machida, T., Tohjima, Y., Katsumata, K. and Mukai, H.: A new CO2 calibration scale based on gravimetric one‐step dilution cylinders in National Institute for Environmental Studies – NIES 09 CO2 Scale, in Report of the 15th WMO/IAEA Meeting of Experts on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases and Related Tracers Measurement Techniques (ed. Willi A. Brand). Jena, Germany, September 7–10, 2009, WMO/GAW Report No. 194, 165–169, 2011. Suto, H. and Inoue, G.: A New Portable Instrument for In Situ Measurement of Atmospheric Methane Mole Fraction by Applying an Improved Tin Dioxide-Based Gas Sensor, J Atmos Ocean Tech, 27, 1175-1184, doi:10.1175/2010jtecha1400.1, 2010. Calculation method The air-sampling flow path was rotated every 20 min; that is, the high inlet was sampled from hh:00, the low inlet from hh:20, and the reference gas from hh:40. The final three-minute readouts were averaged. Keywords [Free keywords] CO2, CH4, Siberia, tower observation, JR-STATION Update history [2023/11/17] Version 1.0. was released (ver.1.0) Page Top Contributors Observation system administrator Mikhail Arshinov V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Russia Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch Data Manager Noritsugu Tsuda Global Environmental Forum Page Top References Information References Sasakawa, M., Shimoyama, K., Machida, T., Tsuda, N., Suto, H., Arshinov, M., Davydov, D., Fofonov, A., Krasnov, O., Saeki, T., Koyama, Y., and Maksyutov, S.(2010): Continuous measurements of methane from a tower network over Siberia, Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 62, 403-416, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00494.x. Grant Agency The measurements were financially supported by the Global Environmental Research Coordination System from the Ministry of the Environment of Japan. Page Top Terms and Conditions of Use* *By accessing or using the Service you agree to follow these Terms. If you disagree with any part of the Terms, you may not access the Service. The author of this data set (hereafter "Author") agrees to the use of this data set by person(s) wishing to use the data (hereafter "User") as stipulated in the Terms and Conditions below. Scope of consent The User may re-distribute the data to third party without any change or transformation of the data, and may publish new intellectual products (hereafter "Products") based on this data set. Conditions for distribution The User shall not accept any compensation for the re-distribution of the data of this data set to a third party. In the event that the User re-distributes the data of this data set to a third party, the same Terms and Conditions apply also to the re-distributed data set. When the User re-distributes the data of this data set to a third party, the User is obliged to inform the third party about the URL of the original data set, the Terms and Conditions of Use, and the fact that the data set is continuously updated by the Author. The User must contact the Author concerning co-authorship well before any publication or presentation. Please note that this is not optional but mandatory. Use of the latest version Unless special reason exists, the User shall use the latest version of this data set. Citation policy When publishing any Products based on the present data set, it must be clearly stated that the present data set was used. However, the Author may request the User to delete the citation from the Product. In that case, the User shall comply with the request within reasonable extent. If these data have an important part in the User's Product, the User must contact the Author concerning co-authorship before publication. Citation format When this data set is referred to in publications, it should be cited in the following format. Sasakawa et al.(2023), Semi-continuous observational data for atmospheric CO2 and CH4 mixing ratios at Karasevoe, ver.x.x *1, Earth System Division, NIES,DOI:10.17595/20231117.002. (Reference date*2: YYYY/MM/DD) *1 The version number is indicated in the name of each data file. *2 As the reference date, please indicate the date you downloaded the files. When generally referring to the data of JR-STATION, please also cite Sasakawa et al. (2010). Sasakawa, M., et al. (2010), Continuous measurements of methane from a tower network over Siberia, Tellus Series B-Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 62(5), 403-416, DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2010.00494.x. 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